Execute Dynamic SQL commands in SQL Server

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In some applications having hard-coded SQL statements is not appealing, because of the dynamic nature of the queries being issued against the database server. Because of this sometimes there is a need to dynamically create a SQL statement on the fly and then run that command. This can be done quite simply from the application perspective where the statement is built on the fly whether you are using ASP.NET , ColdFusion or any other programming language. But how do you do this from within a SQL Server stored procedure? SQL Server offers a few ways of running a dynamically built SQL statement. These ways are: Writing a query with parameters Using EXEC Using sp_executesql Writing a query with parameters This first approach is pretty straightforward if you only need to pass parameters into the WHERE clause of your SQL statement. Let’s say we need to find all records from the Customers table where City = ‘London’. This can be done easily as the following example shows. ...
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Row To Column

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Suppose you have a table structure like

create table tmpStocks
(
[StockSymbol] [char] (8),
[ExchMM] [varchar] (10)
)
go
create table tmpExchanges
(
[Name] [char] (10),
[ExchSymbo] [char] (1)
)
go


2. Insert some values:

insert into tmpStocks (stocksymbol,exchmm) values ('KS','IP')
insert into tmpStocks (stocksymbol,exchmm) values ('PK6','IB')
insert into tmpStocks (stocksymbol,exchmm) values ('LHJ','I')
insert into tmpStocks (stocksymbol,exchmm) values ('JHL','P')
insert into tmpExchanges (name,ExchSymbo) values ('ISE','I')
insert into tmpExchanges (name,ExchSymbo) values ('BOX','B')
insert into tmpExchanges (name,ExchSymbo) values ('PCost','P')


and you want result like

how to get the results as following:

[StockSymbol] [ExchMM] [ISE] [BOX] [PCost]
ks IP 1 0 1
PK6 IB 1 1 0
LHJ I 1 0 0
JHL P 0 0 1


Solution1


select s.stocksymbol, s.exchmm,
ise = sum( case e.exchsymbo when 'I' then 1 else 0 end ),
box = sum( case e.exchsymbo when 'B' then 1 else 0 end ),
pcost = sum( case e.exchsymbo when 'P' then 1 else 0 end )
from tmpStocks s
left outer join tmpExchanges e
on charindex( e.exchsymbo, s.exchmm ) > 0
group by s.stocksymbol, s.exchmm



Solution2

declare @tname char(10), @tsym char(1)
declare @selectSQL varchar(1000)

select @selectSQL = ''

declare cur cursor for
select distinct [name], exchsymbo
from tmpExchanges
order by [name]

open cur
fetch cur into @tname, @tsym

while @@fetch_status = 0
begin

select @selectSQL = @selectSQL + ', ' + rtrim(@tname) + '= sum( case e.exchsymbo when ''' + @tsym + ''' then 1 else 0 end ) '
fetch next from cur into @tname, @tsym

end

select @selectSQL = 'select s.stocksymbol, s.exchmm ' + @selectSQL + ' from tmpStocks s '
+ 'left outer join tmpExchanges e '
+ 'on charindex( e.exchsymbo, s.exchmm ) > 0 '
+ 'group by s.stocksymbol, s.exchmm '

exec(@selectSQL)

close cur
deallocate cur

Comments

Unknown said…
3 years later, thank you!!
February 27, 2011 at 3:29 PM
Venkatesan Prabu said…
Thanks for this article.
Both the solutions are generating the same query.

Any it's too late to ask this query.

Thanks

Cheers,
Venkatesan prabu J
Head, www.kaashivinfotech.com
February 9, 2012 at 6:52 AM
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